Dinâmica temporal, subtipos e características epidemiológicas da infecção pelo HIV-1, Brasil Central

Abstract

Introduction: The objective of this study was to identify the major subtypes of HIV-1 circulating in Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Central Brazil. Methods:This is a cross-sectional study of time series with data from laboratory and disease report, analyzed by period of diagnosis and sociodemographic and clinical variables. Results: Subtype B HIV-1 predominated when periods were analyzed (85.4% vs 85.3%). In addition, an increase in the frequency of HIV-1 subtype C was detected, but no significant difference was seen between the two periods. After univariate analysis, the age range between 25 and 45 years (p = 0.004) and the masculine gender (p = 0.04) were found to be associated with subtype B HIV-1. The findings related to the resistance of HIV-1 to ARV showed that 30.6% of the investigated patients diagnosed AIDS between 1985 and 2012 who underwent genotyping tests (212) were resistant to more than three ARV classes (MDR). Conclusions: Studies on the genetic diversity, as well as the profile of resistance mutations in HIV-1, are important tools for both the historical reconstruction of regional epidemics and local epidemiological surveillance and treatment guidelines.