Analysis of the burden of chagas disease in Brazil: mortality, DALYs, and incidence from 1990 to 2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70630/rspms.v8.2025.321Keywords:
Chagas disease, Trypanosomiasis, Regional Health Strategies, Public Health, DALYsAbstract
Introduction: Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is a significant public health issue in Latin America, affecting millions of people, especially in Brazil. This study aims to evaluate the metrics of mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and incidence of the disease between 1990 and 2021 in Brazil, using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD). Objective: To analyze the evolution of mortality rates, DALYs, and incidence of Chagas disease across the five major regions of Brazil: North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast, and South. Materials and Methods: Data on mortality, DALYs, and incidence of Chagas disease from 1990 to 2021 were analyzed. The analysis included descriptive statistics and graphs to identify temporal trends and regional disparities. Results: Mortality and DALY rates showed an overall reduction, but with significant variations across regions. The Central-West maintained the highest mortality and DALY rates, while the Southeast showed the greatest reduction. Incidence also decreased, but the Central-West remained with high rates, reflecting challenges in vector control and diagnosis. Discussion: The persistence of disease burden in the North and Central-West regions indicates the need for continuous regional interventions. Socioeconomic and ecological factors, such as insecticide resistance and internal migration, complicate control efforts. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of region-specific public policies and sustained efforts for the control and eradication of Chagas disease in Brazil.
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